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EU Carbon Border Tariff Forces Asian Steelmakers to Redraw Playbooks

The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism enters its final phase this year, and producers from India to Indonesia are racing to decarbonize or lose market share.

By Akshat Rathi·Apr 16, 2026·7 min read·3d ago

Europe’s Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism transitions from reporting to full enforcement later this year, a shift that will force Asian steel, cement and aluminum exporters to pay a levy tied to embedded emissions.

Indian producers account for roughly 20% of at-risk exports, while Indonesia’s nickel-to-stainless-steel chain faces fresh scrutiny over coal-fired processing.

Analysts at BloombergNEF estimate the levy could reshape as much as $180 billion of annual trade flows by 2030.

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